Be prepared
How to prepare for a crisis
Power cuts, storms, floods, attacks on infrastructure or war: European governments ask households to be able to cope on their own for at least 72 hours, the advice of the EU's Preparedness Union Strategy (2025). Here is what that means, how you are warned, and each country's official guide.
Your 72-hour kit
Water
About 3 litres per person per day, for three days.
Food
Food that keeps and needs no cooking or little water, for three days; a manual can opener.
Light and power
A torch, spare batteries, a power bank; candles and matches or a lighter.
Radio
A battery or wind-up radio: in a power cut, authorities broadcast instructions on the radio.
Medicines and first aid
A supply of your regular medicines, a first-aid kit, hygiene items.
Documents and cash
Copies of ID and important papers in a waterproof bag; some cash in small notes, as card payments may not work.
Warmth
Warm clothes, blankets or a sleeping bag.
Contacts
Phone numbers written on paper; an agreed meeting point with your family.
Adapt it to your household: children, older people, pets and anyone who needs medicine or care. Check it once a year.
How you are warned
- 112 is the emergency number in every EU country (and in the UK, Norway, Switzerland and Ukraine as well), free from any phone.
- Most EU countries send warnings straight to mobile phones in the danger area (cell broadcast, “EU-Alert”), without an app.
- Sirens are tested regularly in many countries; when they sound outside a test, go inside, close windows and doors, and follow the radio or the authorities' channels.
- Follow official warnings in force right now on our Warnings now page.
Official guides per country
Austria
Zivilschutz: preparing for emergencies · Austrian Civil Protection Association
Czechia
Fire Rescue Service: protection of the population · Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic
Denmark
Be prepared for crises (citizens) · Danish Emergency Management Agency
Estonia
Ole valmis! (Be prepared!) · Estonian Women's Voluntary Defence Organisation (Naiskodukaitse)
Finland
72 hours · Finnish National Rescue Association, with the authorities
Warnings: 112 Suomi app
France
Risques: know the risks and what to do · French government
Germany
Vorsorgen für Krisen und Katastrophen · Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance (BBK)
Warnings: NINA warning app and cell broadcast
Italy
Protezione civile: risks and what to do · Civil Protection Department
Lithuania
LT72: be ready for 72 hours · Lithuanian government
Netherlands
Denk vooruit (Think ahead) · Dutch government
Warnings: NL-Alert on mobile phones
Norway
Egenberedskap (self-preparedness) · Directorate for Civil Protection (DSB)
Poland
Poradnik bezpieczeństwa (Safety guide) · Ministry of the Interior and Administration
Warnings: Alert RCB text messages
Sweden
If crisis or war comes · Swedish Civil Defence Agency (MCF)
Switzerland
Alertswiss · Federal Office for Civil Protection
Warnings: Alertswiss app
Ukraine
Civil protection advice · State Emergency Service of Ukraine (DSNS)
Warnings: “Air Alert” (Повітряна тривога) app and sirens
United Kingdom
Prepare · UK government
Links go to the official sources; their advice prevails over this summary. Is your country missing or a link outdated? Tell us.
See also: Am I affected? · Travel advice · Explainers
